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College Application Essay Tips

5 Tips for Supplemental Essays

Writing the Supplemental Essays

Schools are conflicted. On the one hand, they flood your inbox with marketing flotsam about how superior they are. On the other hand, they ask you to answer prompts that ask you why you like them, as if they need reassurance. These schools are vulnerable, you see. Poor things. They need to know that you adore them. It's the same dynamic in any relationship; that's why my wife makes me lunch and I buy her roses (OK, not as often as she deserves, I admit). This post will give you some tips to help you tackle the supplemental essays.

Tip #1: Understand the Admission Officers' Secret.

Here's the secret: many admission officers read the supplemental "Why do you like my school?" essays first, even before reading through your Common App essays. In my visits to Pitzer, LMU, and USC, admission officers admitted to doing this, and I can't believe they're the only ones. They're like any little kid at his own birthday party, the one who doesn't have time to worry about getting pictures taken, reading some useless card, or even eating chocolate cake - the one who's thinking, "Let me open my presents! Let me get to the good part!" Admission officers want to get to the good part, too. They read first the essay that you write last: the supplemental essay. So don't think you can slack off just because it's a supplemental essay.

Tip #2: Prioritize Your Supplemental Essays.

Few of us assemble essays the way a robot assembles cars, each one at the same pace with the same quality. Most of us write essays the way we run - sprinting, running, jogging, shuffling, walking. Then stopping. Your energy is limited, so you have to plan out in advance the order you'll write the essays.

If you have a dream school, do that supplemental essay first. You don't want to wonder later whether you could have tried harder. Next on the list should be target schools: schools where your SAT scores are in the 25th-75th percentile range. When you're on the cusp, your essay has a bigger role in your admission than when you're a shoe-in or a long-shot. To get the most impact for your essay investment, you have to prioritize your supplmental essays by putting dream schools and target schools first in line.

Tip #3: Learn the School's Mission.

If you look at enough websites, read enough forums, and visit enough campuses, the schools start to blur together. That's natural. But remember, to the person reading your essay, her school has no substitute. She takes the school's "mission statement" or "core values" seriously. To her, they're more than hollow jargon.

To impress this reader, prove you understand why her school's values make that school special. Look at the school's website, and then call your admission rep. (Yes, the one assigned to your high school; if you don't know who this is, call the admissions office.) Ask how the school advances those core values in academic and social settings. Note any special programs the admission rep mentions, and then do more research. If you don't understand how the school implements its jargony values, you'll have a harder time convincing the reader the school's a good fit for you.

I'm not talking about any super-complicated research. At the USC info session, for example, the rep mentioned "large research university" several times and then noted the Summer Undergraduate Research Fund (SURF - even their acronyms are totally southern California). If you're applying to USC, might you want to consider what type of research you would want to do there? Might you want to look at the SURF application for more clues about what USC values? Yes, you might.

Tip #4: Find Your Academic Niche.

If you can't find even a single academic area of interest on the school's website, then I don't know, maybe re-think this whole college idea. Dude, you need to show at least a little curiosity. Most schools want to see how you'll fit in with their academic environment. By the way, that means more than just saying something like, "I can like totally see myself at University of Ivy studying Icons in Feminist Microeconomics with Professor Moonbeam." Congratulations. You can read a course catalog or a professor bio. That's the 10-minute effort most students give this question, and it's not enough to set you apart. In case you were wondering.

What about actually reading a paper that professor wrote? What about emailing that professor to request a copy of a paper? What about emailing that professor an informed question? If you're visiting the campus, what about asking the admission rep if you can sit in on that professor's class or visit office hours? If you're not willing to make that effort to find your academic niche at a school, then I'm not sure why you're applying. You'd be better off applying to 8 schools you've researched well than to 15 schools you can't tell apart.

Tip #5: Build a Bridge between Your Interests and the School's Opportunities, between Your Experience and the School's Values.

After you've done your research, you know your academic interests. Now you need to connect them to the school's opportunities. How will you take advantage of the school's opportunities to expore your academic interests? That's one bridge you can build.

You also know your past experiences. Now you need to connect them to the school's values. How will you advance the school's values? That's another bridge you can build.

Whether you focus on academics, values, or both will depend on the prompt. Whatever the case, you want to create the impression that attending the school is a natural next step for you. You're trying to leave the reader thinking, "Of course he would fit in here."

Good luck writing!

Jon

Jon Perkins holds a B.A. in English from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. He helps students with their college, law school, and medical school applications.

2 Application Essay Tips from Stereotypes

Subverting Stereotypes

"Who are you?" is the big question colleges want your essay to answer. How do you figure out who you are? If you're having trouble, first focus on who you're not. One way to do this is to think about how someone might stereotype you. In today's application essay tips, I'll give you some ideas for using stereotypes to your advantage.

2 Application Essay Tips for the Stereotype Fighter

Here's are two things you can do to use stereotypes to answer the "Who are you?" question.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #1: Stereotype Yourself.

Nerds. Jocks. Cheerleaders. Band geeks. These are a few of the tribes that inhabit the typical high school in my head. What groups do you belong to? Groups can be by gender, race, interest, or activity - whatever. Write them down.

Also write down any groups that other people might think you belong to, even if you disagree. You need to understand how the admission officer reading your essay might stereotype you. For example, if you have straight As, are great at piano, and have done scientific research, the admission counselor might think, "OK, this student is smart, talented, and disciplined, but does she have any people skills or leadership?" When you think about how someone might stereotype you, you can use the essay to anticipate and then defy those stereotypes.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #2: Be a hybrid.

It's easy to write an essay that invites stereotypes. If you only write about academics, then you're a nerd applicant. If you only write about sports, then you're a jock applicant. Either way, you're one-dimensional.

That's why you need to become a hybrid by combining stereotypes. Don't be a nerd or a jock - be a nerd-jock. Don't be a cheerleader or a band geek - be a cheerleader-band geek. By combining stereotypes, you defy them. The greater the clash between the stereotypes, the more effective the combination will be.

Let's take the nerd-jock combination. The nerd stereotype is someone who is smart but weak, while the jock stereotype is someone who is strong but dumb. The stereotypes clash, so incorporating both is a way to catch the reader's attention. Like everything else in the essay, we want to be as specific as possible. So we'd never settle for "nerd-jock." Instead, we'd ask more questions. What type of nerd? Board games? World of Warcraft? And what type of jock? Hockey? Triathlon? Maybe you're the triathlete who loves chess or the hockey player who loves World of Warcraft. Figuring out the details will help set you apart.

Aside from getting specific about your stereotypes, you'll want to consider upping the number of stereotypes from two to three. My original inspiration for this post is this article entitled The Ripped, Bikini-Clad Reverend, which describes the experience of one woman - who also happens to be an Episcopalian reverend - who enters a bodybuilding contest. Her essay is memorable because it evaluates the woman-reverend crossover, the woman-bodybuilder crossover, and the bodybuilder-reverend crossover.

Each of these combinations is already a little unusual, but discussing all three unusual combinations in a single essay leaves no doubt that Ms. Richter is unique. Just think about the numbers. The number of people fitting the woman-reverend-bodybuilder mold is much lower than the number fitting the woman-reverend, woman-bodybuilder, or reverend-bodybuilder mold. Presenting yourself as a hybrid of three stereotypes is one way to stand out.

Final Thoughts on Application Essay Tips from Stereotypes

Here's what we learned in today's application essay tips. When you stereotype yourself, you can identify weaknesses in your application. And if you're stuck trying to answer the "Who are you?" question, consider making yourself a hybrid of clashing stereotypes. Though perhaps counter-intuitive, if you describe yourself in terms of clashing stereotypes, you can show that you're someone who transcends stereotypes.

If you liked today's application essay tips, please share them with your friends. Thank you!

Jon

Jon Perkins holds a B.A. in English from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. He helps students with their college, law school, and medical school applications.

5 Application Essay Tips from Headlines

The Secret of Writing a Killer First Sentence

Who else has trouble writing the first sentence of an essay? I'm sure I'm not the only one. After reading through some common headline templates at Copyblogger, I realized that headlines and first sentences both have to capture the reader's attention quickly. That's why I used common headline motifs as the source of today's application essay tips.

5 Application Essay Tips Based on Headlines

For today's application essay tips, we'll explore how to transform five common headline themes into great first sentences.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #1: Open with a Secret.

When I watch Jeopardy!, I always find Trebek a bit too smug. I could look smart, too, if I had all the answers (or, in this case, questions). Trebek's not that smart. He just knows something before we do. He has a secret, and that's why I tolerate him.

When you have a secret, you have the power to get people's attention. That's why so many headlines talk about the secret to losing weight or making money or whatever. If you don't believe secrets are powerful, see how quickly a person starts paying attention when you ask her, "Hey, want to know a secret?" You can use the power of the secret in your essay's first sentence. If you're considering writing about a secret, take a look at these two templates:

"After [period of time], I learned the secret of [activity/hobby]."

"When I [action], I learned my [friend/relative]'s secret."

Application Essay Tips | Tip #2: Open with a Problem.

Advertisers know we'll pay attention if their headline offers a solution to one of our problems. Though we don't know the problems afflicting the admission counselor reading your essay, we can still improve our essay by describing a problem. A problem is a conflict between a desire and an obstacle, and a good story needs conflict. When you open with a problem, you're jumping right into a story that lets you explore what you wanted, why you wanted it, what obstacle got in your way, how you reacted to the obstacle, and, in the end, whether you solved the problem or learned something valuable in attempting to solve it.

If you're considering writing about a problem, take a look at these two templates:

"I had to figure out how to [solve] [problem] by [deadline]."

"Ever since [event], I always wanted to know how to [solve] [problem]."

Application Essay Tips | Tip #3: Open with a Statement about What Everyone Should Know.

Most people like to be in the know, and I'm no different. If I see a headline that says, "What Everyone Should Know About the College Application Essay," then I'm going to read that article. Your application essay is a statement of what everyone should know about you. So what's something colleges might want to know about you?

Your values. And one way to figure out your values is to think about what's wrong with the world. What would you change? If you write an essay that examines the difference between your real world and your ideal world, the audience learns your take on what the world's like now, how it got that way, how it should be, and what you've done to change it. If you have a strong conviction you want to write about, take a look at these two templates:

"Everyone should [know/understand/learn] how to [action]."

"If everyone [action/belief], then [result].

Application Essay Tips | Tip #4: Open with a Question.

Because we're curious, we read headlines with provocative questions. An admission officer might consider a question provocative if it involves an action or belief that you're trying to make sense of. A friend recently suggested to me that when we know something matters but don't know why, that something might be a good essay topic. If you're writing an essay to discover something about yourself, here are some ideas:

"Was I right to [action], or should I have [action]?"

"Why had I [action/failure] again?"

"Why do I always [belief/action]?"

Application Essay Tips | Tip #5: Open with a Command.

"Buy it now!" A command in a headline works by making sure we know what to do next. A command in the first sentence of our application essay works by creating urgency and anticipation. A command creates urgency by revealing one character's strong desire. It creates anticipation by making us wonder whether the listener will comply with or ignore the command. All this means that opening an essay with dialogue that includes a command can heighten the reader's interest. Here are some quick ideas:

"Get back here!"

"Get away from there!"

"Help!"

"Wait!"

I'm obviously no literary master, but hey, all of these rudimentary commands create anticipation. If we're trying to win the reader's interest, then even a simple command can succeed.

Anyway, that's what I learned from headlines about first sentences for application essays. If you liked today's application essay tips, please share them with your friends. Thank you!

Jon

Jon Perkins holds a B.A. in English from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. He helps students with their college, law school, and medical school applications.

3 Application Essay Tips from Old Spice

Understanding Story Structure

I'll get to Old Spice in a minute. When you write an application essay, you're writing a story. But if you're like me, you don't write stories every day. That's why the essay can be so maddening. Today's application essay tips cover three story structures that you can use as templates for your essay's structure.

3 Application Essay Tips from Old Spice and Other Storytellers

Here are today's three application essay tips about story structure:

Application Essay Tips | Tip #1: Consider the 2-part "real versus ideal" structure.

This Old Spice ad is part of probably one of the most memorable ad campaigns of the last few years. The ad focuses on the contrast between what your man smells like (a lady) and what your your man could smell like (Old Spice). That's the contrast between what is and what could be, between the real and the ideal.

Nancy Duarte explores this contrast in her talk The Secret Structure of Great Talks. I will save you time by summarizing her main point, which is that the structure of great speeches - like Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" speech - is always the same. It has a shape. This is the shape: ___|¯|_|¯|_|¯|_|¯¯¯ Don't laugh. It doesn't look like much, and Duarte's presentation is not the most scintillating, but the shape represents a cool insight. Duarte suggests that the low plateaus represent "what is," and the high points represent "what could be." As one of the commenters noted, her speech is just like the Old Spice commercial. Duarte argues that presentations succeed when they draw the audience from the low plateau of what is to the high plateau of what could be.

Yes, I understand you're writing an essay, not a presentation. But we can apply Duarte's insight to your application essay. Common App prompt #1 asks you to evaluate a significant experience and its impact on you. We can define "significant experience" to mean "an attempt someone makes to bridge the gap between what is and what could be." This redefinition requires you to explain what could be, which, in turn, requires you to reveal your values. Then it requires you to describe steps you took to effectuate those values. Whether you failed or succeeded, the attempt probably taught you something surprising. By allowing us to rephrase Common App prompt #1 in terms of the gap between the real and the ideal, Duarte's insight gives us another way to approach the essay.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #2: Consider the 3-part "ambition-obstacle-transformation" structure.

Maybe you don't want to tell a "real versus ideal" story. In her presentation, Duarte offers another sample story structure with three parts: 1) likable hero, 2) encounters roadblock, and 3) emerges transformed. This paradigm translates well to the application essay.

First, we have the likable hero: you. What makes you likable? Kind of abstract, right? What worthy ambitions do you have? That's where you might start. Every great character has strong wants, and you're no different. Show the reader you have an admirable ambition, and you will become the likable hero.

Second, we have the roadblocks. Roadblocks are what slow or prevent you from achieving your noble ambition. They create the conflict that makes a story interesting. The conflict could be internal (like an ethical dilemma) or external (like a person or a fish).

Third, we have emerging transformed. This is what we call character development. The protagonist undergoes a change. If your experience hasn't changed you then, why are you writing about it? Change is proof that you're a dynamic character, not a static one.

If you can think of an experience involving ambition (your strong want), roadblocks (obstacles between you and your want), and transformation (how pursuit of your strong want changed you), that experience has the makings of a good application essay story.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #3: Consider the 2-part "anecdote-reflection" structure.

Ira Glass of This American Life boils story structure into two parts in his explanation of storytelling. The first building block of a story is the anecdote, which Glass defines as a sequence of actions. Ideally, the sequence of actions has "bait" that raises questions (like "What will happen next?") to keep people interested. The second building block of a story is the moment reflection, which is the explanation of the anecdote's significance. That's it. Anecdote + reflection = story. An anecdote without reflection lacks significance, and reflection without an anecdote lacks excitement.

You can think of the anecdote as everything a camera would record. It captures sounds and sights. Reflection is like a narration that you go back and add later. The narration explains the significance of the sounds and sights. When you combine the objective - what happened - and the subjective - why it matters - you're starting to develop a good story.

The important lesson from today's application essay tips is that the application essay is a story. That's why you need to have a story structure in mind before you start writing. If you liked today's application essay tips, please share them with your friends. Thank you!

Jon

Jon Perkins holds a B.A. in English from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. He helps students with their college, law school, and medical school applications.

3 Application Essay Tips for the Ethical Dilemma Essay

Do You Know What an Ethical Dilemma Is?

The Common App's essay prompt #1 lets you write about an "ethical dilemma" and its impact on you. If you're considering this prompt, yes, it's a fantastic idea to understand what an ethical dilemma is. Today's application essay tips help you understand three aspects of an ethical dilemma.

3 Application Essay Tips for Writing about an Ethical Dilemma

To get you started on the ethical dilemma essay, here are three application essay tips:

Application Essay Tips | Tip #1: Give your dilemma a deadline.

Without the urgency of a deadline, there's no excitement, and without excitement, you'll lose your reader. We've all seen movie scenes where someone's defusing a bomb. As the clock counts down to zero, the hero must decide which wire to cut. The time pressure of the countdown creates drama. Try imagining the bomb scene with no countdown. The hero still has to choose which wire to cut, but he can take his time. Not as dramatic, right? If you want your ethical dilemma to make the reader care (and you do), then you need a deadline. A dilemma is not just a choice; it's a choice with an imminent deadline.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #2: Make sure your dilemma is a choice between two equivalent options.

If I see a man fall down, I can either help him up or steal his wallet. But because my two options are not equivalent - the right choice is obvious - that's not really a dilemma. A dilemma can be a choice between two good outcomes, like whether to spend time studying or helping a friend. Or it can be a choice between two bad outcomes, like whether to kill 1 innocent to save 100 lives (a "lesser of two evils" scenario). But it should never be an obvious choice between a good outcome and a bad outcome (like my old man falling down example). If your dilemma has an obvious right answer, keep brainstorming until you identify a choice between equivalent options. When you write about choosing between two equivalent options, you create tension, and tension keeps the reader interested.

Application Essay Tips | Tip #3: Reveal conflicting values.

Get ready for some critical reading. The prompt invites you to write about an "ethical dilemma," not just a "dilemma." Ethics has something to do with values, and values vary from person to person. For me, deciding what to eat might be a dilemma, but not an ethical one, because I don't associate my food choices with any of my values. But if you're a vegetarian, then deciding what to eat might very well be an ethical dilemma.

If you agree that an ethical dilemma relates to your values, then you probably also agree that you can start brainstorming for this essay by listing your values. Your values might be the broad ones ones that colleges often seem to emphasize, like initiative/leadership, service to others, and intellectual curiosity/vitality. Or they might be narrow ones, like always returning the shopping cart. When you choose which values to write about, the important thing is not whether you've chosen broad or narrow values, but rather whether the values you've chosen will help the admission officer understand who you are.

After you identify your values, reflect on when two of these values have been in conflict. Be specific in articulating your dilemma. If I were sitting down with you, I would ask you these questions:

  • When - in what specific moment - did you first become aware of the dilemma?
  • What were the two options?
  • Why did you think they were equivalent?
  • What were the benefits and drawbacks of your two options?
  • What was at stake?
  • How did you decide between the two conflicting values?
  • Did you look to another personal value or another person for guidance?
  • Did the dilemma change your perception of your values?
  • Would you make the decision differently if you faced it again?
  • What did you lose from your decision?
  • What did you gain?
  • How have you applied what you learned from this dilemma to other situations?
  • What about the decision-making process and its aftermath surprised you?

 

If you start answering these types of questions, you'll have a better chance of writing about your conflicting values in a way that makes the reader care about you, which is your whole goal. I hope today's discussion of the ethical dilemma will give you some ideas for handling this prompt. If you liked today's application essay tips, please share them with your friends. Thank you!

Jon

Jon Perkins holds a B.A. in English from Stanford University and a J.D. from Harvard Law School. He helps students with their college, law school, and medical school applications.